Kyrzhinakov, A. A. TYPOLOGY OF TAMG PROPERTY SIGNS AMONG KHAKAS PEOPLES. Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2022;44(2):105–110. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2022.739


Ethnology, anthropology and ethnography

TYPOLOGY OF TAMG PROPERTY SIGNS AMONG KHAKAS PEOPLES

Kyrzhinakov
A. A. 		Khakass State University
Keywords:
tamga – a sign of ownership
khakas peopls
typology of tamg
tamg use
legal sign		 Summary: The article is devoted to the property signs of the khakas peoples, which had legal force in their customary law. Tamga, formed in ancient times and existed up to the present, covered a wide range of traditional culture of khakas peopls. They were placed on household items, cattle, places of worship, trees, etc. The problem of the study is that in historiography, despite a significant number of works devoted to the Turkic peoples of Sayan, to this day, there are no studies in the aspect of the typology of Tamg. Our research is devoted to one of the aspects of this problem, the typology of khakas peoples property signs in the XIX – early XX century in their historical development. The purpose of the study is to carry out a typology of tamg – signs of khakas peoples property of the XIX- early XX centuries. Research objectives: – analyze the historiography of the issue; – classify tamgas by forms into types and subtypes; – To determine the role and significance of tamg in the traditional culture of the khakas peoples. The work will use an integrated approach, which served to use the results of related humanities. The main methods will be typological, comparativehistorical, descriptive, analysis and synthesis. The typological method will make it possible to classify tamgas into types and subtypes by forms. The comparative historical method will make it possible to trace the development of tamg in their historical development. With the help of descriptive, an ethnographic description of the issue under study will be made. The novelty of the work lies in the typology of tamg among khakas peoples, which makes it possible to identify their common and special, as well as to trace the history of their development. Previously unpublished field materials of the author, tamg collections from the ethnographic fund of the Khakass National Museum of Local Lore named after L. R. Kyzlasov will be introduced into scientific circulation. The source base will be the author’s field materials, the published research results of N. F. Katanov, the tables of V. Ya. Butanaev’s tamg, linguistic, as well as museum ethnographic collections of the Khakass National Museum of Local Lore named after L. R. Kyzlasov. Based on the published historical and ethnographic material, the field material of the author in the XIX – early XX centuries, the indigenous population of Khakassia can distinguish three main types of tamg: traditional, nominal (family) and adopted (borrowed).



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