Kalinina, . P, Kieleväinen, L. M.. P FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORT IN 1920-1930 IN KARELIA. Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2022;44(2):39–46. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2022.730


Russian history

FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORT IN 1920-1930 IN KARELIA

Kalinina
E. A. Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation		Petrozavodsk State University
Kieleväinen
L. M. 		Petrozavodsk State University
Keywords:
sports
physical education
sport competitions
Supreme Council of Physical Culture
Committee for Physical Culture
Karelia		 Summary: The relevance of addressing the problems of the history of physical culture and sports is due to the special attention of modern society to the issues of personal development, health protection and promotion, preparing young people for work, and increasing creative activity. However, in modern Russia, the potential of physical culture and sports is not fully used to solve socio-economic, educational and health problems.The article deals with the problems of creating a system of management of physical culture and sports in Karelia (1920–1930s), presents the development of a mass physical culture movement, discusses the development of defense-mass sports in the late 1930s.The novelty of the research is determined by the introduction into scientific circulation of previously unpublished sources extracted from the funds of the National Archives of the Republic of Karelia. For the first time, on the basis of an analysis of archival documents, materials from periodicals, the authors consider the activities of the Council of Physical Culture under the Central Executive Committee of the AKSSR (1920–1936) and the Committee for Physical Culture under the Council of People’s Commissars of the Autonomous Karelian Soviet Socialist Republic (1936–1941), the School of Masters of Sports, the organization and implementation of friendly meetings, demonstration performances, All-Karelian competitions in various sports. The main research methods are historical-descriptive and historical-comparative. Conclusions are drawn that the created Councils of Physical Culture were state bodies of leadership and control in the center and in the field. The country’s government used sports and mass physical culture as a tool not only to improve the health of the broad masses of workers, but as a way of widespread militarization of the population. Demonstration sports performances, friendly matches, sports competitions were of great importance in the agitation and promotion of physical culture and sports among the population.



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