Dyachkova, I. N. KOLOTOE KOPYTO: ON THE SEMANTIC AND MOTIVATIONAL RECONSTRUCTION OF A NORTHERN RUSSIAN DIALECTAL NOMINATION. Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2025;47(7):44–50. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2025.1231


Russian language. Languages of the peoples of Russia

KOLOTOE KOPYTO: ON THE SEMANTIC AND MOTIVATIONAL RECONSTRUCTION OF A NORTHERN RUSSIAN DIALECTAL NOMINATION

Dyachkova
I. N. 		Petrozavodsk State University
Keywords:
kolotoe kopyto
broken hoof
G. I. Kulikovsky
wedding ritual
breaking pots
bride
Russian North		 Summary: The article discusses the origin of the Northern Russian dialectal nomination kolotoe kopyto (“broken hoof”), meaning a “married woman or dishonored girl”, as recorded in the Olonets dialects of the late XIX century by the local historian and ethnographer G. I. Kulikovsky. The conducted research confirms that this designation fits into the all-Slavic tradition and complements a number of names such as bityj gorshok (“broken pot”), roznaya posudina (“leaking tub”), etc., whose internal forms reflects the idea of a woman who lost her virginity as a broken vessel, which is symbolically expressed in the ritual of breaking pots within the action code of wedding ceremony. In addition to an obvious metaphor derived from the direct meaning of the word kopyto (“hoof”), the article presents a motivational mod- el for this component based on the dialectal use of this lexeme in the Russian North as the name of a married woman’s headdress. The hypothesis put forward is confirmed by typical nominations used during wedding rituals, which focus on corresponding images (venchannye (“crowned”), besshamshurnaya (“without a headdress”), pustovoloska (“bare-headed”), pokrytka (“covered”)), as well as by the common distribution area of both names.



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