Antoshchenko, A. V. ON THE SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL OF HISTORICAL SOURCE STUDIES: ANOTHER POINT OF VIEW. Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2023;45(2):69–75. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2023.871


Discussions. Source Studies in Actual Historical Culture

ON THE SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL OF HISTORICAL SOURCE STUDIES: ANOTHER POINT OF VIEW

Antoshchenko
A. V. 		Petrozavodsk State University
Keywords:
internalism and externalism in the historiography of science
scientific school
historical source studies
A. S. Lappo-Danilevsky
O. M. Medushevskaya		 Summary: The author deconstructs the constituting of the scientific school of source studies in the texts of M. F. Rumyantseva, showing how the internalism in the historiography of science determines this process. The use of typologies that summarize the “essential” characteristics of the change in scientific rationality allows her to place the school in the “mainstream” of the development of historical epistemology over the past century. At the same time, the classification method used by her does not add new knowledge about the phenomenon of the scientific school, but only leads to its renaming using the name of the class to which this phenomenon belongs. Accordingly, the basic element of the school remains unchanged, since the object of source study becomes defined at the starting point. Ignoring the exter- nalist approach allows M. F. Rumyantseva to bypass such inconvenient for her, but important problems as the specifics of humanitarian, including historical, cognition; pragmatic conditionality of the researcher’s activity; changing the role of theory in research; the value of non-source knowledge in the study of the past; historicization not only of the actors of the past, but also of the subject who explores it. Taking them into account would make it possible to avoid absolutization of the truth of the fundamental idea of the scientific school about the object of source study, which requires concretization, and, consequently, relativization.



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