Zmeeva, O. V. SOCIAL ORDER IN MURMANSK RAILWAY. PART 2. ETHNOCULTURAL MODELS AND SOCIAL DEVIATION. Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2022;44(8):111–118. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2022.842


Ethnology, anthropology and ethnography

SOCIAL ORDER IN MURMANSK RAILWAY. PART 2. ETHNOCULTURAL MODELS AND SOCIAL DEVIATION

Zmeeva
O. V. 		Federal Research Centre “Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”
Keywords:
Murmansk railway
1915–1916
guards
“Caucasians”
“mountaineers”
deviation
adaptation
order
cultural model		 Summary: The purpose of the article is to show on the material of archival documents how actual problems of ethnosocial contradictions were resolved in the process of creating a multiethnic working collective. They are considered in situations of everyday, conflicting interactions. The object of the study is the “Caucasian” guards, who were perceived by other construction participants as a collective actor. The peculiarity of their behavior was the systematic violation of the established norms and rules in force during the construction of the Murmansk Railway in 1915–1916. The instructions for the guards were reviewed. It records the functions of the guards, acceptable patterns of their behavior when interacting with representatives of the local population, “closest” bosses, groups of prisoners of war and other construction participants. The influence of the consequences of group deviant behavior of guards on social interactions is revealed. It is concluded that the deviation of the guards was welcomed by the leadership as an intermediate stage of ethno-cultural adaptation. The motives of cooperation of individual groups of employees are determined. The influence of cultural models of ethnic groups on the choice of ways to restore social order is revealed. The guards’ construction of specific communications was carried out under the influence of a common system of values, the proximity of traditional ideas about power and subordination, as well as group responsibility to the collective.



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