Bochkarev, A. S. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS’S DESERTION AND DUALISM OF SOCIAL-ROLE FUNCTIONS OF THE OLONETS “NEW ORDER” REGIMENTS. Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2022;44(2):90–97. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2022.737


Russian history

NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS’S DESERTION AND DUALISM OF SOCIAL-ROLE FUNCTIONS OF THE OLONETS “NEW ORDER” REGIMENTS

Bochkarev
A. S. 		Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences
Keywords:
Olonets “new order” regiments
runaways soldiers
sergeants
Russo-Polish war 1654–1667
Russo-Swedish war 1656–1658		 Summary: The relevance of the study is due to the need for a more detailed consideration of the problem of runaway Olonets soldiers and dragoons in its economic, military and social contextualization. The novelty that is the first study on the impact of the Olonets regiments non-commissioned officers on the spread of desertion. The author concentrates attention on the period of 1660-1662, since it was at this time that the scale of desertion reached its maximum. The purpose of the work is to identify the place of non-commissioned officers in the conditions of mass desertion. Tasks: highlighting the most significant cases of group desertion, clarifying the position of sergeants, masters-at-arms and corporals in the army hierarchical ladder, studying their official duties and the reasons for organizing escapes. The work uses historical-systemic, historical-comparative, typological, historical-genetic methods. Thus it is shown that, despite their special coordinating function in the units, sergeants and other non-commissioned officers, being together with the soldiers from the peasant environment, took responsibility for planning and organization group runaways. The article proves that the escapes organized by sergeants were determined by the duality of the specifics of their social role.



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