Ivanov, V. A. “THE SECRET WAR IN THE CRIMEAN CAPITAL”: ACTIVITIES OF THE UNDERGROUND PATRIOTIC ORGANIZATION OF P. V. SMIRNOV IN THE OCCUPIED SIMFEROPOL. Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2022;44(2):62–70. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2022.734


Russian history

“THE SECRET WAR IN THE CRIMEAN CAPITAL”: ACTIVITIES OF THE UNDERGROUND PATRIOTIC ORGANIZATION OF P. V. SMIRNOV IN THE OCCUPIED SIMFEROPOL

Ivanov
V. A. 		Crimea Central Museum of Tavrida
Keywords:
Great Patriotic War
underground patriotic organization
Petr V. Smirnov
Simferopol		 Summary: The current issue of the activity of the underground patriotic organization headed by Petr Vladimirovich Smirnov in Simferopol and Simferopol region during the Nazi occupation (1942–1944), about which there is practically no information in Russian historiography is considered. The purpose of the study is to highlight the activities of the underground patriotic organization of P. V. Smirnov; in the analysis of the internal composition of the organization; consider the formation of an underground intelligence network of the organization of P.V. Smirnov and the conduct of agitation, propaganda and sabotage work. Scientific novelty consists of the attraction of unique materials: from thestock repositories of the Feodosia Museum of Antiquities; Memorial to the victims of the Nazi occupation of Crimea in 1941–1944 “Krasny concentration camp”; State Archives of the Republic of Crimea. For the first time, correspondence, memoirs, and certificates of the participants of the anti-fascist Resistance – P. V. Smirnov, M. M. Korobanya (Karabanya), L. Prigarina, M. V. Mihailescu – are introduced into scientific circulation. Previously unpublished archival materials covering the pages of the struggle of the Simferopol underground fighters give special significance in the article. The underground organization of P. V. Smirnov managed to establish contacts with party bodies, and later with Soviet intelligence, recruit and introduce their agents from among the Romanian and Slovak patriotic anti-fascists into the structures of the German and Romanian military command. The analysis of the sources suggests that P. V. Smirnov managed to organize an anti-fascist struggle deep in the enemy’s rear. The group had close contacts with representatives of the state security agencies. Patriots freed Soviet citizens from Nazi concentration camps and prisons, distributed propaganda literature. A successful recruitment of agents from among the Romanian and Slovak anti-fascists was carried out, transferring valuable intelligence data to the Crimean headquarters of the partisan movement.



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