Pushkareva, N. V. SPECIFIC FEATURES OF IMPERATIVENESS IN THE TEXT OF THE “MARINE CHARTER” 1720. Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2021;43(6):57–64. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2021.657


Linguistics

SPECIFIC FEATURES OF IMPERATIVENESS IN THE TEXT OF THE “MARINE CHARTER” 1720

Pushkareva
N. V. 		Saint-Petersburg State University
Keywords:
history of the Russian language of the 18th century
Peter the Great’s era
Charter of the Maritime
imperativeness
formation of the genres of the official language		 Summary: The article examines linguistic means expressing imperativeness in regulatory documents based on the material of a text that was new for the Peter the Great era. The peculiarities of the imperative situation in which the Marine Charter was applied are revealed, taking into account the historical reality of Russia in the 18th century, its addressee and addressee are determined. The addressee of the text was all maritime personnel, the addressee cannot be uniquely determined, since this role was played by both the Russian state, built on the European model, and the absolute monarch Peter I. In this regard, special pragmatic goals are revealed in the document: regulating the actions of the addressee and training him within the framework of this regulation. The repertoire of linguistic units that convey prescriptions and prohibitions in the studied text contains multi-style units. Imperativeness is expressed in infinitive forms, a future tense form with an auxiliary verb to have, conjugated forms of the verb, turns with a particle da, impersonal verbs with performative meaning. The use of linguistic means is associated with the subject of the prescription, the degree of specificity of the actions described, the categorical nature of the prohibition, the severity of the offense for which the punishment was imposed. The form of expressing imperativeness could mark the socially weakened position of the addressee. All these facts indicate the search by the authors of the document for such linguistic forms of expression of imperativeness that would be understandable to the addressee and correspond to the implementation of new communicative and pragmatic tasks.



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