Sadova, T. S. THE WORD “NADLEZHIT” AS PART OF THE IMPERATIVE FORMULA IN THE MILITARY CHARTER OF 1716. Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2021;43(3):8–16. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2021.595


Linguistics

THE WORD “NADLEZHIT” AS PART OF THE IMPERATIVE FORMULA IN THE MILITARY CHARTER OF 1716

Sadova
T. S. 		Saint Petersburg State University
Keywords:
offi cial style history
18th century language
imperative formula
modal verb
lexical calque
text of military regulations		 Summary: The article summarizes scientifi c information about the history, internal motivation and collocation possibilities of the impersonal verb “nadlezhit” (must) in the Russian language in general and in the offi cial texts of the XVIII century in particular. It is noted that the communication strategy of the charter as a genre involves the active use of stable combinations with imperative semantics, therefore, the author investigates the formula “nadlezhit + infi nitive” as one of the most frequent ways of expressing the modal meaning of necessity or obligation in offi cial military texts of the XVIII century using the Military Charter of 1716. The bookish character of the word “nadlezhit”, recorded in many dictionaries of the Russian language, does not have any stylistic markers in the text of the Charter, which ensures its relatively free compatibility with other infi nitive verbs within the studied formula. The article also addresses the adaptation of a lexical calque in the Russian text and traces the process of accumulating the volume of the concept expressed by the calque under the infl uence of the semantics of the original Russian morphemes (in our case, the root -lezh- and the prefi x nad-), which became the “building material” for its creation in the host language. It is suggested that the impersonal verb “nadlezhit” with the meaning ‘must’ could be the result of transforming spatial meaning into the meaning of the qualitative assessment of an action, quite natural for Russian prefi xed verbs. The author also allows the possibility of “oncoming” semantic processes – the adaptation of the lexical calque in the Russian offi cial text and the development of qualitative semantics in spatial verbs.



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