Cherevko, M. V. MAJOR ASPECTS OF THE TAIWAN INDIGENOUS PEOPLE’S DESCRIPTION AND CHARACTERIZATION IN THE HISTORICO-ETHNOGRAPHICAL ALBUM “HUANG QING ZHI GONG TU” // Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2020. Vol. 42. No 6. P. 24–31. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2020.513


World history

MAJOR ASPECTS OF THE TAIWAN INDIGENOUS PEOPLE’S DESCRIPTION AND CHARACTERIZATION IN THE HISTORICO-ETHNOGRAPHICAL ALBUM “HUANG QING ZHI GONG TU”

Cherevko
M. V. 		Saint-Petersburg State University
Keywords:
history of China
Taiwanese aborigines
indigenous people of Taiwan Island
contacts between China and Taiwan
China and Taiwan
image of Europe in China
translation of “Huang Qing zhi gong tu”		 Summary: This article describes a number of fragments from the third volume (juan) of the Chinese historical and ethnographic woodblock book Illustrated Tributaries of the Qing Empire (Huang Qing zhi gong tu) (dates back to the second half of the XVIII century for the Emperor of Qin dynasty). The author of this paper translates extracts with pictures of the indigenous inhabitants of Taiwan Island into Russian, analyze in detail the pictures related to them. This paper mainly gives a review of the textual and pictorial descriptions of the Taiwanese aborigines in the beginning of Qing dynasty. The emphasis is on the classification of the indigenous people of Taiwan in the Qin dynasty, divided them into “shufan” (civilized barbarians) and “shengfan” (savage barbarians), depending on their on their adoption of Chinese culture, and distinction between their pictorial images. There was inevitable tendency that the ethnic groups of Taiwanese aborigines would have been assimilated by Han nationality, even to a certain extent have been amalgamated. The entries begin with the civilized savages of Taiwan county, then south to Fengshan county, and then north to Zhuluo county, Zhanghua county, and finally Danshui sub prefecture. The submitted uncivilized savages follow again in sequence from south to north. Last are the uncivilized savages of the inner mountains. The illustrations thus proceed from the most civilized one through increasing degrees of savagery. In each of the thirteen pictures, the differences between the savage figures and civilized figures are emphasized. The depictions of the physical appearances of the civilized and uncivilized savages can demonstrate their relative levels of civilization. Investigating the textual and graphic materials of the book, examine diverse map of the island of Taiwan of Ming and Qing dynasties. The descriptions attached to the pictures of indigenous man and woman connected with names of their settlements she 社 that are supposedly used in the book to indicate many different tribes of Taiwanese aborigines. The article also reveals the peculiarities and main characteristics of the images of the aborigines in this ethnographic book. The paper is intended to arouse common interest of the scholars, who study different aspects of ethnic policy in the Qing dynasty, especially the history of the Taiwanese aborigines, to the Illustrated Tributaries of the Qing Empire (Huang Qing zhi gong tu) as a perfect source of information about Taiwanese indigenous people.



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