Sudakov, G. V. HOW DID THE LANGUAGE REFORM OF PETER I BEGIN // Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2020. Vol. 42. No 5. P. 38–44. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2020.497


Second Fortunatov readings in Karelia

HOW DID THE LANGUAGE REFORM OF PETER I BEGIN

Sudakov
G. V. 		Vologda State University
Keywords:
Speech etiquette
verbal abuse
diff erentiation of linguistic means
social status
Petrine era		 Summary: The reform of the Russian way of life in the Petrine era also aff ected the rules of verbal communication. Peter’s language reform begins with his instructions regarding verbal abuse. The analyzed source, which contains a list of the most common negative assessment lexemes, is interesting precisely because of Peter’s attention to various aspects of oral and written communication in Russia of that time, attempts to improve speech etiquette in accordance with the challenges of the time and bring it closer to the practice of European speech communication. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to more fully take into account the whole range of activities aimed at the formation of a single norm of the national Russian literary language. The novelty of the study is the attraction of a new source that is directly related to the speech practice of the era and demonstrates the attention of the government to oral etiquette, the norms of which did not meet the demands of the time. Words and phraseological units with a negative meaning are semantically connected with the culture of the era, their interpretation is based on linguistic and cultural commentary. “Dishonest words” did not constitute a separate obligatory variety of speech etiquette, although they could fulfi ll the function of a deliberately negative appeal. By structure, “dishonest words” could consist of one element, less often - of a simple sentence, one option is framed by a complex sentence. The analyzed texts fi t into a number of documents and guidelines designed to infl uence the formation of a new culture of oral and written communication. The appearance of an offi cial document on this score is one of the fi rst conscious reactions of the authorities to the specifi cs of verbal communication, which is one of the signs of the beginning of a new, national stage in the formation of national norms of the Russian literary language.



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