Madzhuga, N. N. INVECTIVE FUNCTION OF RUSSIAN ZOONYMS IN THE ASPECT OF LINGUISTIC EXPERTOLOGY // Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2019. No 3 (180). P. 108–112. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2019.317


Linguistics

INVECTIVE FUNCTION OF RUSSIAN ZOONYMS IN THE ASPECT OF LINGUISTIC EXPERTOLOGY

Madzhuga
N. N. 		Saint Petersburg State University
Keywords:
invective zoonims
borzyj
krysa
invective function
the concept of “fixation and functioning”
criteria of invectiveness
classification of invective units
dictionary of invective units		 Summary: The aim of the article is to analyze the functioning of the invective zoonyms borzyj and krysa. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the conception of “fixation and functioning” is based on the linguistic analysis of invective zoonims, which involves a comprehensive analysis of dictionaries that fix the word under study and tokens of its use from legal aid sites, the National Corps of the Russian language, and published texts of linguistic expertise. The criteria, the fulfillment of which allows classifying the word as an invective unit, are elicited: the criterion of the addressee, revealed from the investigated contexts from legal sites, the criterion of abusive character marked with litters from dictionaries of the modern Russian language, and the functional criterion based on the intention of the addressee of the utterance that contains an invective, and assuming the use of an invective unit in a function implying the intention to generate a conflict. Using the method of quantitative calculations, the percentage of use of the words borzyj and krysa was revealed, for which the specified criteria are fulfilled in the sphere of fixation and the sphere of functioning. Thus, the word borzyj is classified as a “potentially invective word” (for which the criteria for the invectiveness are fulfilled in less than 50 % of tokens), and the word krysa – to the category of “words with an invective connotation” (for which in more than 50 % of tokens the specified criteria are fullfilled). To the third category – “actually invective units” – the words for which in more than 90 % of tokens the criteria of invective are fulfilled are referred. This is mainly obscene and abusive vocabulary. It is assumed that by means of the proposed conception of “fixing and functioning” of invective units, as well as the method of complex linguistic analysis of invectives and the classification of invective units proposed by the author, basis for the selection of words for the future dictionary of invective units intended for linguistic experts can be formed. Invective zoonims must be included into such dictionary as a separate thematic group.



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