Tarlanov, Z. K. UNIVERSALITY AND HEURISTIC POTENTIALSYNTACTIC THEORY OF A. A. SHAHMATOV. Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2024;46(7):75–80. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2024.1096


Chess readings in Karelia

UNIVERSALITY AND HEURISTIC POTENTIALSYNTACTIC THEORY OF A. A. SHAHMATOV

Tarlanov
Z. K. 		Petrozavodsk State University
Keywords:
Shakhmatov
syntactic theory
communication
history
sentence
development
typology of sentences
thinking
heuristic potential
Russian language		 Summary: The article is devoted to the analysis of the syntactic theory of A. A. Shakhmatov from the point of view of its heuristic potential and relevance for modern linguistic knowledge. It is proved that the concept of communication as the psychological basis of a sentence, introduced by A. A. Shakhmatov at the beginning of the 20th century, served and continues to serve as a reliable key to understanding the sentence as the most important linguistic unit, and to explain the directions of its historical development. In contrast to the prevailing opinions in European linguistics, according to which, in a combination of two representations that form the basis of a sentence, any of them can be the main one depending on the will of the speaker, A. A. Shakhmatov argued that the dominant and subordinate representations of communication are not the will of the speaker, but according to their nature: the dominant idea is the idea of a substance in the material world, the subordinate idea is the idea of its changeable sign, property. It is this variability in the idea of a feature, dictated by the nature of what it denotes, that is the impetus for syntactic changes in a sentence, because language, reflecting the experience of ethnic existence, is the most important means of expressing ethnic thinking. This is the essence and heuristic potential of the syntactic theory of A. A. Shakhmatov, convincingly confirmed by research on the historical syntax of the Russian language.



Displays: 148;