Bednarskaya, L. D. EVOLUTION OF A. A. SHAKHMATOV’S LINGUISTIC IDEAS IN THE XXI CENTURY. Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2024;46(7):60–65. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2024.1094


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EVOLUTION OF A. A. SHAKHMATOV’S LINGUISTIC IDEAS IN THE XXI CENTURY

Bednarskaya
L. D. 		Orel State University named after I. S. Turgenev
Keywords:
А. A. Shakhmatov
Russian syntax
theory of multidimensionality of syntactic units
V. V. Babaitseva		 Summary: The book Syntax of the Russian Language by A. A. Shakhmatov contains ideas that are perceived in a new way at the present stage of the development of linguistics. Since the time of V. V. Vinogradov, there have been no significant studies of the scholar’s views, and they have mostly been criticized, so the relevance and scientific novelty of this article lies in a positive analysis of these ideas and substantiation of their scientific perspectives, which underlie new linguistic theories. The legacy of the polymath scholar A. A. Shakhmatov is analyzed from the standpoint of the structural and semantic direction of modern linguistics, of which he was the forerunner. He was the author of the original detailed classification of mononuclear sentences, which has hardly changed to the present, but the main thing was his awareness of the system and structure of the language, which is modern even for our time. The very arrangement of the material suggests that A. A. Shakhmatov drew on antiquity in his perception of parts of speech, focusing on the communicative role of the sentence and its components. He speaks about this at the very beginning of his work, defining the pioneering methodology of his research. However, the huge syncretic fundamental background of historical and dialectological studies of different languages led to the conclusions that his contemporaries were not able to perceive, as their meaning became clear almost a century later. The ideas of A. A. Shakhmatov feed modern theories, scientific discussions on the relationships between the word, phrase, and sentence as a structure, on communication as the fundamental basis of thinking, on syntactic relations as the basis of the language “structure”, on the distinction between substances and relations between them, on logical and syntactic types of sentences, on communicative syntax and the thematic-rhematic structure of sentences, etc. In this regard, the theory of multidimensional syntactic units by V. V. Babaitseva, as well as her theory of transitivity and syncretism, which absorbed the ideas of A. A. Shakhmatov, are analyzed, as they determined the development of theoretical syntax and its practical interpretation in the educational process in the late XX and the XXI centuries.



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