Dyachkova, I. N. WEDDING BREAD BAINIK AT THE POMORS: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC ASPECT. Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2024;46(6):8–15. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2024.1069


Russian language. Languages of the peoples of Russia

WEDDING BREAD BAINIK AT THE POMORS: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC ASPECT

Dyachkova
I. N. 		Petrozavodsk State University
Keywords:
baynik
bathhouse
wedding bread
wedding ceremony
Pomerania		 Summary: Ethnographic records of the second half of the XIX–XX centuries, including a description of the Pomeranian wedding ceremony (P. S. Efimenko, P. V. Shein, N. P. Kolpakova, T. A. Bernshtam, A. P. Razumova, T. V. Zelenina, etc.), indicate the widespread spread in the territory of the White Sea of the tradition of cooking special ritual bread – baynik (bayennik, bannik). The relevance and novelty of this study lies in the fact that for the first time, data from dialect dictionaries are involved in the analysis of this ritual practice, which make it possible to clarify not only its verbal, but also its subject-action and ritual-semantic content. In addition to expressions noted in ethnographic sources, such as собирать байник, дать на байник, положить на байник, шить байник etc., dictionaries record the possibility of transferring this nomination to other adjacent objects: the tablecloth in which this bread was sewn, the tray / table on which it was placed, the gifts that the bride's relatives put on them, the ceremony of bringing gifts and gifts. The work provides an ethnolinguistic analysis of such ceremonial terms зашивание and расшивание (распарывание) байника, which convey the idea of closure – closure and opening – destruction associated with the bride, her loss of girlhood and in various forms represented in the wedding ritual as a whole. Special attention is paid to the study of the symbolic correlation of the bride's bathhouse, which was held on the eve of the wedding, and the ceremony of collecting the bainik, considered in the study as an additional justification for the linguistic kinship of these names.



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