Patroeva, N. V. RHETORICAL THEORY AND PRACTICE OF M. V. LOMONOSOV IN THE MIRROR OF DICTIONARIES // Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2020. Vol. 42. No 3. P. 78–84. DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2020.468


Linguistics

RHETORICAL THEORY AND PRACTICE OF M. V. LOMONOSOV IN THE MIRROR OF DICTIONARIES

Patroeva
N. V. 		Petrozavodsk State University
Keywords:
trope
fi gure of speech
rhetorical tradition in Russia
tropes and fi gures in the poetry of Baroque and Classicism		 Summary: The question of the establishment of a rhetorical tradition in Russia is closely connected with the problem of the evolution of the Russian literary language, cultural consciousness of the era of language reforms and the role of M. V. Lomonosov’s individual style in this process. The purpose of the article is to analyze the rhetorical techniques of the main reformer of the Russian literary language of the 18th century in the aspect of comparing the theoretical refl ections presented in the “A Quick Guide to Rhetoric…” and the real poetic practice of M. V. Lomonosov. The relevance of the study is is a necessity of a systematic analysis of tropes and fi gure formation in M. V. Lomonosov works and the identifi cation of possible discrepancies between the theoretical declarations of the main reformer of the Russian verse of the era of classicism and their embodiment in his poetic works of small and medium genres. The research novelty is the lexicographic data concerning the system of Lomonosov’s rhetorical techniques, interpreted in grammatical and linguistic-stylistic aspects, are fi rst introduced into scientifi c use. Tropes and fi gures of speech interpreted by M.V. Lomonosov in his works and used in his poetic works are presented in the two latest dictionaries – “Rhetoric by M. V. Lomonosov. Tropes and fi gures of speech» and “Syntax Dictionary of Russian Poetry of the 18th Century: Volume 2: Lomonosov”. The article shows the summarizing data regarding the system of rhetorical techniques applied by M. V. Lomonosov in his poetry of small and medium genres. The most common fi gures of speech used by Lomonosov include metaphor (1275 representations), personifi cation (253), metonymy (244), synecdoche (143) and comparison (117). Hyperbole, periphrasis, antonomasia and allegory are much less common in Lomonosov’s odes. One of the most active fi gures of speech are inversion, ellipsis, repetition (including anaphora), rhetorical addresses, exclamations and questions. Asyndeton and polysyndeton as well as anacoluthon and antithesis are less commonly used in the construction of periodic speech. Oxymoron, pun and symploce are among the Lomonosov’s rhetorical methods.



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