Ryazanov, S. S., Ivanov, D. V., Kulagina, V. I. CONTENT AND MOBILITY OF COPPER, CHROME AND NICKEL IN HUMUS HORIZONS OF SOILS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN // Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University. 2018. No 8 (177). DOI: 10.15393/uchz.art.2018.260


Physico-Chemical Biology

CONTENT AND MOBILITY OF COPPER, CHROME AND NICKEL IN HUMUS HORIZONS OF SOILS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

Ryazanov
S. S. 		Research Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Science
Ivanov
D. V. 		Research Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Science
Kulagina
V. I. 		Research Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Science
Keywords:
heavy metals
soils
contamination assessment
geoecology
Tatarstan		 Summary: Soil pollution with heavy metals has been an ever-growing concern due to the potential threat to food safety and its detrimental effects on human and animal health. The combination of soil properties and components, such as pH, content of organic matter and clay mineral determines the ability of soils to accumulate and retain heavy metals. The purpose of this work is to assess the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan in relation to soil contamination with copper, chromium and nickel, taking into account soil-geochemical interactions under different land use types. In the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, located in the western part of the Russian Federation (55°20'36.1"N; 50°47'31.7"E), 1170 samples of topsoil were collected. Sampling was conducted at a distance of at least 200 m from the nearest road from a depth of 0-20 cm. Samples are represented by zonal and nonzonal soil types of natural and agricultural types of land use (See Tables). Urban soils are united in the type of urbanozems. The regional background level was estimated from samples of natural zonal soils and amounted to 16.4±7.8 mg/kg for Cu, 23.3±12.7 mg/kg for Cr and 29.8±18.8 mg/kg for Ni. The geochemical zones of elevated Ni and Cu content are observed in the East-Zakamskaya and the Bugulminskaya soil-climatic zones of the Republic of Tatarstan (See Figures). The Cr spatial distribution is more heterogeneous and elevated content is observed in the eastern part of the Predkam`e, north-western part of the Predvolzh`e and the Bugulminskaya soil-climatic zones. Comparison of the topsoil samples of different land use types showed an evidence of exogenous input of the Cr as the result of agricultural activity. Significant pollution with copper is observed for samples collected in the cities of Kazan, Naberezhnye Chelny and Almetyevsk. With respect to chromium and nickel pollution, urban soils are characterized as uncontaminated. The structure of soil-geochemical interactions of metals in topsoil was assessed using the method of the regression trees (See Figures). Copper and nickel showed similar structures of geochemical interactions. The Cu and Ni total content increases with the Mn content increasing. The mobility of Cu and Ni in the topsoil is controlled by Fe (hydr)oxides content and by the particle size distribution. The content and mobility of Cr is determined by its siderophilic properties.



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